女性主义最早作为一种妇女解放运动产生与19世纪末期的法国,后来相继在英美等国以及世界范围内流行起来。Feminism所要否定和批判的是男权文化赋予女性的“女人味”或“十足的女性气质”。
发轫于20世纪60年代的新女性主义运动(又称第二波女权运动也就是本片所纪录的),她们受到马克思主义和新左派思想的影响,强调差异和独特性,不再把男女之间的关系看成是两个个体之间的关系,开始把妇女置于劣势地位的社会意识形态,以及语言、法律和哲学方面的性别偏见提出挑战。提出了一个口号——个人的就是政治的。
她们强调妇女解放的目的不是像在争取社会平等的斗争中那样,使妇女像个男人一样地生存,而是要发展一种新的、为女性专有的语言、法律、哲学和神话。贝蒂·弗里丹(Betty Friedan)在《女性的奥秘》中描绘了女性面临的“无名的困扰” ,解构了社会所倡导的贤妻良母 式的“理想女性”模式 ,呼吁女性走出家门, 改变失去自我的生活, 发挥她们的才智和潜能 。她于 1966 年领导成立了“全国妇女组织” , 组织妇女上街举行抗议活动, 要求 结束一切歧视妇女的行为 ,实现男女平等。1970年 ,在女性获得选举权 50 周年纪念日,美国女性在40个城市举行了大规模游行活动。在这场运动中, 提高妇女对于性别压迫的觉悟, 以及把个人经历视为政治问题的观点, 成为第二次浪潮中女权主义早期的奋斗目标;平等权利、生育权利和职场的平等待遇,成为女权主义活动家大声疾呼的口号;性暴力、色情表演、色情作品等遭到女权主义者强烈的谴责。虽然妇女平等权利修正案至今未能通过,但美国妇女的性别意识已经大大增强,女性的社会地位也获得了较大改善。
纵然相较以往,女性意识有了更大范围的觉醒、女性的地位有了一定的提高。但是新时代全世界的女性仍然面对更艰巨的困难。同工同酬、家暴、强奸犯罪等老问题尚未取得阶段性成功,新一轮迫害又摆在眼前:科技的进步被别有用心人利用,隐形摄像头、AI换脸技术,将女性物化,把她们视作玩物,韩国N号房事件绝不是一个国家独有的悲哀;包丽的离逝让我们感到遗憾的同时也应该思考,为何两性间美好的情感成为控制的对方的工具?
面对艰巨的战斗,仍有一批女性迎难而上,更让人感动的是有更多的人加入这场战斗。女星艾丽莎·米兰诺(Alyssa Milano)等多名被害者发起的米兔运动,呼吁所有曾遭受性侵犯女性挺身而出说出惨痛经历,最终在2020年3月11日,哈维·韦恩斯坦被判入狱23年。这不仅是对两性之间的战斗,更是对上层权力的挑战。这场运动也传递到太平洋的彼岸,近期的鲍毓明案在给社会(尤其是女性)带来巨大创伤的同时,也让更多人站出来,说出自己经历的性暴力或性剥削,“姐姐来了”不仅是一个口号,她更像是一个暗号,让在黑暗中独自行走的女性找到举着火种前行大部队。
Each time I see those videos, I just feels like many behaviors that I was done were just cheap and I don't respect myself as s woman. Although I identify myself as a radical feminist, I still think it's not enough, I didn't do well. And the patriarchy is deeply rooted in our society as well as woman's mind, that I have to remind myself every single day and i have to demisorgnize. but i also feel lucky and proud to be a woman. the world is so cruel to us but we still made it. every prade, every movement, every fight, and even small talk and speech, will give us power. i am so happy to see this, even though in reality is rare to meet sister. only know them exist, will give me hope. i will never stop fighting, i will never stop speaking, and i will never stop improving and educating myself. i can and i will, it's never enough. i will be honest to myself, respect myself as a individual, no man can intimidate me, man have no rights to claim my labor or my body. i am beautiful and amazing when i am angry.
看完这部纪录片让人有时候眼睛发热的就在于,看到了你读的她们,看到Kate Millet,Betty Friedan;
我们都知道爱情“只存在于女性病态的心理幻觉”,而她们真正站出来改变女性命运,每次都说60s,70s激进,可是一旦女性拒绝自己的“女性特质”,则被认为精神变态。
一切与女性有关的事情就是最紧迫、最关键的问题。
几十年前就不要向下自由了,不要性束缚。
女性从来从属,自由还是压迫?清醒认识吧。
对比今天,
岁静是踩在谁头上在大笑呢?
It's really hard for people to understand now what it was like before the feminist movement. The wedding was the big thing, the marriage was success, you couldn't have career aspirations you couldn't decide not to have a child, the most beautiful woman was never satisfied with how she looked. You could look like miss America and you're still thought something was wrong with how you looked, let's not even talk about birth control and abortion, the horror, the fear of pregnancy loomed over anything one did. if you were raped, people wouldn't believe you, if you were battered, no one would believe you. It was feminists who brought up these issues and put them on the table, we had a sense of momentum, that was the sense of momentum that came from the 60s. It was like all this energy had been pent up in these women for all these years, and it just exploded.
"The big insight of the women's movement was the personal is political."
"It was all women are beautiful, that was one of our slogans."
"You didn't make us, we are making you to take us seriously."不是因为你们报道了我们,而是我们让你们不得不严肃对待。
"But that's who made abortion rights come... Just a student and just a mother, gathering together and protesting."
"The problem is rapists, and we need to address the problem! And let me give you a hint. It's not our clothes. It's not."
"Believe it or not, people are assaulted regardless of what they wear. Some people who get raped are in burkas." 无论你信不信 被袭击者与她们的衣着无关。穿着穆斯林长袍的人也会被强奸。
"Women must decide their fate.Not the church, not the state."
一口气看了两遍,这部影片有很多思想的闪光点,上面记录的是我很喜欢的几个句子。当我们享有一些权利的时候并对此习以为常的时候,这部纪录片会告诉我们,嘿,你知道这些是怎么来的吗,你知道几百年甚至几十年前的女性是怎样生活的吗?我看着屏幕上她们的面庞,我感到感激。她们不仅仅是为自己而战,而是"fight for women" ,或者说是"fight for generation".
这部影片让我感受到了真诚,不是因为它对于女性解放的热情,而是它对于运动中产生的错误的态度,它的回顾、总结和反思。这是一条摸索着前进的道路,而她们也确实遇到了一些问题,值得庆幸的是,她们也的的确确为这个社会的改变做出了巨大的贡献。这里的她们不是指影片中的几个人,而是世界各地为女性权利努力的人们。
最后引用这部影片中我最喜欢的一句话:
"Personal is political."
"There are a vast number of women who are beginning to wake out of the long sleep that is known as the cooperation of one's own oppression and self-denigration, and they are banding together to make the beginnings of a new and massive women's movement in America and in the world, to establish true equality between the sexes, to break the old machines of sexual politics, and to replace it with a more human and civilized world for both sexes, and to end the present system's oppression of men as well as of women." "In answer to a man's question, 'What can I do about women's liberation?' Wear a dress. Wear a dress that you made yourself or bought in a dress store. Wear a dress, and underneath the dress wear elastics around your hips and underneath your nipples. Wear a dress, and underneath the dress wear a sanitary napkin. Wear a dress and wear sling-back shoes, high-heeled shoes. Wear a dress with elastic and a sanitary napkin underneath and sling-back shoes on your feet and walk down Telegraph Avenue."
从标语All women are beautiful到片名She's beautiful when she's angry的改写 戏谑地透视出影片选取的视角——对于美的价值的重构落脚到愤怒之上 而愤怒诉诸行动 这是对制作纪录片当时当地面临的历史问题之反袭做出的鲜明号召 但也因此 影片只选择了最易于形成共识的部分做着走马观花式的群像铺展 而没有对思想 缘由和走向做太多的描绘 片中对于女性运动的反思桥段显得尤其缺少头绪 似乎仅仅是服务于起承转合的叙事结构;这样的选取同样遗漏了些更具活力的激进思想 不论是转写性与性格的Scum Manifesto 还是费尔斯通构想的全日制托儿所的cybernetic面向 都因其激进不易引起共鸣而被刻意忽略 然而这些对把握思想理路 理解女性主义内部分歧都极其重要 成片着实单薄了些 不如反叛缪斯有余味
珍贵影像,的确以前没有意识到,直到当我自然生长却遭遇习俗试图让我屈服,我接收到了,于是应该为女性发声。
了解自己的性别待遇。
Angery is important. Anger takes on power. Angry as them. She is beautiful when she is angry.
个人的就是政治的,反之亦然。你不能理解我为什么就哭了,可能就是因为我默默感受到了许多的“issues”,而我竟然不能跟你说清,不能让你相信这种错误是存在的…我感到伤心,我也感到愤怒,所以我看这部时又哭了。
几十年过去了,基女的诉求仍然未变,然而阻碍却比以往任何时候都要多,历史确实正在倒退。愤怒需要巨大的能量,但她们乐此不疲,女权之所以如此受关注,就是因为她们有这股能量,我希望这团火永远不要熄灭。
自由在地平线的那端,不能因为看不见就不努力靠近它。
聚焦20世纪六七十年代美国女权活动,提到了女性同工同酬、堕胎、避孕、女性性取向、女性生殖健康、全日制托儿所、女性受到的外貌凝视等当时美国女性关注的话题。
“没有永恒的胜利,只有我们维护自己的权利时,才会得到胜利。”
温和只会被视为懦弱,激进是必然的;胜利是暂时的,斗争是永恒的。迟到的妇女节礼物。I’m pride of herI’m pride to be a feminist
其实我想知道,到底是什么让男性在历史上的地位超越了女性。
“你无法说服我说,你不能改变世界,因为我亲眼见证过”“女权主义,让我感到了真正的自由” 感谢她们所做的一切。战斗永不停息。
很多女人渾然不知,我們一直在開倒車,還以為依附男人,爭奪男人是多麼值得驕傲的事情。
为每一次对不平等的发声点赞。为每一个为自由付出代价的生命喝彩!
只剩下羨慕和眼淚了⋯生在這片土地上甚至連走上街頭的最基本的自由都沒有,連最基本的「成為一個人」都是要先去完全打碎再unlearn的過程。然後恨鐵不成鋼的同時也會覺得自己不夠勇敢和面目可憎起來,於是,選擇似乎也只剩下:要麼離開要麼在噤聲中面對無休止的恥辱 能做事的空間真的太少太少了 as a woman I have no country |但還是要努力寫 也還是要 要努力說下去TTTTT
这类纪录片难得幽默而哲学
这部的确更好,系统地介绍了70年代美国第二波女权主义运动的全貌,结尾泪目,惭愧。
希望在我有生之年,看到职场的女性,不会因为性别差异而做着低人一等的工作,拿着低人一等的薪水;看到适婚年龄的女性,不会因为顶不住上一辈的催婚紧箍咒而低头认命;看到未婚或未育的女性,不会因为害怕找不到满意的工作而不敢跳槽;看到已婚已育的女性,不会因为独自带着孩子而失去自由,成为怨妇;看到成为中年妇女的女性,不会拿曾经灌输给自己的旧思想来给下一辈女性“洗脑”。希望有一天我能找到组织,然后投身于这洪流之中。
This is what a feminist looks like.如西西弗斯,不下降就已经是进步,最后一代代会接近那个理想的未来。
How ordinary people stand up for their rights together and change the world...看得心潮澎湃,却也痛苦万分。这片土地没有愤怒为自己争取权利/向往自由的根基或传统,只有日益被压缩的空间和无处不在的无力感,“我国平权运动是自上而下的”所以自上而下的歧视倒车和压迫几乎天经地义...没有永恒的胜利,只有不断斗争斗争再斗争。她们真的都好美啊,置身于这样的历史进程里,每天睡觉一定抱着心满意足的踏实感吧...